For a European or American, a kiss seems like something self-evident. We kiss when we meet, as a greeting, as a sign of love, as a sign of farewell. It is hard for us to imagine that in some places this gesture is not just unaccepted but can cause bewilderment, disgust, or even anger. However, a study covering 168 cultures around the world has shown that romantic kisses are practiced in only 46% of them. In the rest of the planet, people do without this — either due to cultural traditions, strict religious norms, or simply because they do not know what it is. A kiss is not a universal language of love. It is a cultural construct, and in many parts of the world it either does not exist or is strictly taboo.
The strictest restrictions are in force in the Middle East and South Asia, where Islamic norms regulate not only personal but also public life. In the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Qatar, and Afghanistan, public kisses between a man and a woman are not just a breach of etiquette but a criminal offense. In the UAE, a public kiss can result in a prison sentence of up to ten days. In Iran and the UAE, a public kiss can lead to months in prison. In conservative countries such as Afghanistan and Pakistan, public kisses are unimaginable.
Meanwhile, in Arab countries, greeting kisses between men are quite common. But kisses with the opposite sex are an absolute taboo. Even on a wedding, the groom chaste kisses the bride on the forehead, not on the lips. In Turkey, which is considered a more secular country, greeting kisses between men and women are not accepted, and kissing on the lips in public is forbidden anywhere and at any time.
In Asia, the attitude towards kisses varies from strict prohibition to complete ignorance. In Japan and China, public kisses, even on the cheek, are perceived as a violation of personal space and are considered unacceptable. In modern Japan, kissing in the presence of witnesses is considered very indecent. That is why you almost never see a kiss in a Japanese film. If the Japanese do kiss, they do it at a distance of one step, barely touching lips with lips, without opening their mouths.
In India, the country that gave the world the \"Kamasutra\" with its 30 types of kisses, public kisses remain an absolute taboo. Kisses in India are considered a very open expression of sexuality. Even in Bollywood films, kisses are unusual and not approved — love is depicted through dance. In Thailand, Vietnam, and India, public kisses and hugs are strictly forbidden.
In some Asian cultures, the kiss as such does not exist at all. Tribes living in eastern Bangladesh instead say \"smell me\" instead of \"kiss me.\" The Chinese rub noses or run them over each other's cheeks when meeting. In Korea and Singapore, greetings are limited to a slight bow.
In some isolated cultures, a kiss on the lips is a foreign and even repulsive gesture. Residents of Tasmania, Papua New Guinea, and the people of the island of Fuga in the Philippines hold a fragrant object near their nose or above their head when meeting. On the island of Socotra, it is customary to kiss each other on the shoulder. On the islands of Tonga, when meeting, they take their partner's hand and rub their nose and mouth with it. On the Royal Islands, greetings consist in the fact that meeting people press their noses tightly against each other and rub them against each other. The Maori of New Zealand covered each other with blankets and rubbed their noses, making a sound similar to honking.
Even in regions where kisses are known, their use may be strictly limited. In Northern Europe — Sweden, Denmark, Norway, and Finland — a handshake or a slight nod of the head is enough for greetings. In Germany, social kisses are not accepted, only among friends. In the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada, kisses on the cheek are permissible only among close friends, and handshakes are preferred in official situations. In the United States, reserve greeting kisses for the closest people, and a light handshake and a wide smile are the most universal way to greet anyone.
Meanwhile, in Latin America, on the contrary, cheek kisses upon meeting are the norm, although in some Central American cultures romantic kisses are not practiced at all.
The reasons for such different attitudes towards kisses lie in religion, history, and cultural values. In Islamic countries, a kiss between a man and a woman in public is considered too intimate a gesture, offensive to public morality. In India, the kiss in Hinduism symbolizes cosmic unity of the opposite poles of a man and a woman, and therefore it is too sacred for public demonstration. In some African and Asian cultures, the kiss simply was not invented — people expressed their feelings through nose touches, cheek rubs, or the exchange of fragrances. And somewhere, as in medieval Europe, kisses were forbidden due to the fear of the plague.
A kiss is not a universal language, but a cultural dialect. In one country it is a sign of friendship, in another a crime, in the third an unknown ritual. When traveling around the world, it is worth remembering: what is natural for us can be offensive or incomprehensible to others. And before you stretch out your lips for a greeting, it is better to find out how people greet in this country. After all, respect for other traditions is also a kind of kiss: silent, but sincere.
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